sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 based)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, pink, and buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, fine-to-medium grained; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture when silicified); SG: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brown, pink, and buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, pink, and buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, fine-to-medium grained; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture when silicified); SG: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in river beds, deserts, or coastal environments. This specimen appears water-worn.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction for building stone/paving, as a reservoir for oil and water, and in glass manufacturing if high purity quartz is present.
Geological facts
Sandstone often preserves ancient cross-bedding and ripple marks that reveal the direction of water or wind currents from millions of years ago.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and the presence of visible sand grains. Commonly found in canyons, riverbeds, and sedimentary basins worldwide.
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