sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, yellow, or grey (often showing sun-dappled patterns under water), Luster: dull to earthy, Crystal Structure: clastic (sand-sized grains), Cleavage: absent, SG: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, yellow, or grey (often showing sun-dappled patterns under water), Luster: dull to earthy, Crystal Structure: clastic (sand-sized grains), Cleavage: absent, SG: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in marine, lake, or desert environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, paving, landscaping, and as a source of quartz for glassmaking. In lake settings, it provides natural habitat for aquatic life.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of the Earth's sedimentary rocks. Its porosity makes it one of the most important reservoir rocks for groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Look for visible sand grains and 'gritty' texture. Found globally in coastal areas and riverbeds. Collectors value specimens with unique bedding planes or fossil inclusions.
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