sedimentary

Sandstone

Sedimentary Rock (Quartz Arenite)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (depending on cementation), Color: Tan, brown, yellow, red, or white, Luster: Dull to earthy, Crystal Structure: Clastic texture composed of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Identified August 1, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed by the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, predominantly quartz and feldspar, in environments such as deserts, rivers, beaches, and shallow marine settings over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Widely used in construction for building stone, paving, and flagging, as well as in manufacturing glass, sandpaper, and as a reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum.

Geological facts

Famous structures built from sandstone include Petra in Jordan, the ancient city of Angkor Wat, and the White House in Washington, D.C. The distinct banding visible on this specimen is often caused by groundwater rich in iron oxides percolating through the layers, a process called Liesegang banding.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its grainy texture that feels like sandpaper and visible bedding planes or layers. Found globally in sedimentary basins, deserts, and coastal regions. Collectors value well-rounded, uniquely weathered, or patterned stones for ornamental and display purposes.