sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (composed primarily of Quartz: SiO2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (variable based on cement); Color: Tan, brown, or reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None (fractures around grains); Specific Gravity: 2.1 to 2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (variable based on cement)
Color: Tan, brown, or reddish
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified January 13, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in river beds, beaches, or deserts. Geological age varies from Precambrian to recent deposits.

Uses & applications

Primary use in construction as a building stone, decorative pavers, and aggregate. High-purity quartz sandstone is used in glass manufacturing and as an industrial abrasive.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It often preserves fossils and primary structures like ripple marks or cross-bedding from ancient dunes.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its 'gritty' sandpaper feel when rubbed. Found globally in canyon walls and outcrops. For collectors, look for 'Liesegang rings' or color banding caused by iron oxidation.

Other sedimentary specimens

See all

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

fossil

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sedimentary

Quartz pebble

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

sedimentary

Generic Pebble / Rock Fragment

Lithic fragment / Weathered rock

sedimentary

Sedimentary Sandstone

Arenite (Sedimentary Rock)

sedimentary

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)

sedimentary