sedimentary
Sandstone
Sandstone (SiO2-rich clastic sedimentary rock)
Mohs hardness: 6-7 (quartz grains); Color: Light grey to beige; Luster: Dull to earthy; Texture: Fine to medium-grained sand particles; Specific Gravity: ~2.2 - 2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (quartz grains)
- Color
- Light grey to beige
- Luster
- Dull to earthy
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness: 6-7 (quartz grains); Color: Light grey to beige; Luster: Dull to earthy; Texture: Fine to medium-grained sand particles; Specific Gravity: ~2.2 - 2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the compaction and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically deposited by water, wind, or ice in environments such as beaches, rivers, and dunes.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a construction material, flagstone for landscaping, paving, building facades, and as an aquifer material.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 10 to 20 percent of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porous nature makes it an important reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its grainy, sand-like surface texture that feels rough like sandpaper. Commonly found along riverbeds, eroded cliffs, and glacial till deposits worldwide.
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