sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 predominantly)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Brown, tan, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Identified April 1, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Brown, tan, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years in deserts, riverbeds, or basins.

Extensively used in construction, paving, as a decorative building stone, and for glass manufacturing if high in silica.

Sandstone can preserve fossil footprints and ripple marks from ancient water bodies, providing a snapshot of prehistoric environments.

Identified by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel and visible layers of sediment. Common in arid regions and canyon landscapes like the American Southwest.

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Quartz pebble

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Generic Pebble / Rock Fragment

Lithic fragment / Weathered rock

Sedimentary Sandstone

Arenite (Sedimentary Rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)