sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (Secondary classification based on grain size)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (if quartz-rich)
Color: Tan, brown, grey
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified May 27, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Formation & geological history

Formed or deposited by the accumulation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, cemented together by silica, calcite, or iron oxide over millions of years in environments like beaches, deserts, or river beds.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction as building stone, pavers, and crushed stone for road base. Higher quality layers are used for decorative architecture.

Geological facts

Sandstone can preserve fossilized footprints and ripple marks from ancient water bodies. It makes up approximately 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Found globally in canyon walls and river outcrops. To test, it should feel abrasive against a fingernail.