sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, reddish-brown, or buff; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal structure: clastic (visible sand grains); Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: tan, reddish-brown, or buff
Luster: dull/earthy

Identified March 22, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, reddish-brown, or buff; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal structure: clastic (visible sand grains); Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Formation & geological history

Formed by the accumulation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, cemented together by pressure and minerals like silica or calcium carbonate. Commonly found in ancient riverbeds, deserts, and coastal environments.

Uses & applications

Widely used in construction for paving, building facades, and decorative masonry. It is also used as a raw material for glass manufacturing and in industrial filtering.

Geological facts

Sandstone is often responsible for iconic landforms like the Grand Canyon. It can preserve fossils and footprint impressions due to its layered formation process.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and coastal cliffs. To identify, check for a granular surface that doesn't scratch easily but may shed sand grains.