sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (major component SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, grey, buff; Luster: dull/earthy; Texture: granular like sandpaper; Structure: Clastic

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, grey, buff
Color: tan, grey, buff
Luster: dull/earthy

Identified July 21, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, grey, buff; Luster: dull/earthy; Texture: granular like sandpaper; Structure: Clastic

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments. Generally takes millions of years to lithify.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for flagstone, building facades, and paving; also used as an abrasive in industry and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon and Petra are primarily composed of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty sandpaper feel; look for bedding planes or layers. Exceptionally common in areas with ancient sedimentary basins; found globally.