sedimentary

Sandstone

Sandstone (SiO2 dominated)

Mohs hardness 6 to 7, earthy to dull luster, medium to fine-grained sand size particles, yellowish-brown to dark tan color due to iron oxide staining, granular feel similar to sandpaper

Identified July 27, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness 6 to 7, earthy to dull luster, medium to fine-grained sand size particles, yellowish-brown to dark tan color due to iron oxide staining, granular feel similar to sandpaper

Formation & geological history

Formed by the compaction and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in desert, river, beach, or delta environments over millions of years

Uses & applications

Widely used as a construction material, flagstone, paving, decorative landscaping stone, and historically as a source of quartz for glassmaking

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 10 to 20 percent of Earth's sedimentary rocks and often acts as a major aquifer for groundwater and reservoir for petroleum and natural gas

Field identification & locations

Identified by its distinctly gritty, sand-like texture when rubbed; commonly found along stream beds, cliff faces, deserts, and sedimentary rock formations worldwide