sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Red, brown, tan, yellow, gray, Luster: Dull, earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of sand-sized grains), Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Identified July 31, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Red, brown, tan, yellow, gray, Luster: Dull, earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of sand-sized grains), Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the compaction and cementation of sand-sized grains, typically in environments such as deserts, rivers, or coastal areas. Can range in geological age from Precambrian to Recent.

Uses & applications

Used in construction, landscaping, architecture, and as an aquifer for groundwater. Also used for making grindstones and abrasive products.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Colosseum in Rome and the Petra in Jordan are made of or carved into sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Commonly found worldwide in sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for pieces with interesting banding, fossils, or unique mineral inclusions.