sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (Siliclastic sedimentary rock), SiO2 + various minerals

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, brown, yellow, or grey due to iron oxides, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic (grains), Cleavage: None/Irregular fracture, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Identified March 16, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Typically formed in river beds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years through compaction and cementation by minerals like silica or calcite.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for tiles, paving, and building facades. It is also used in the manufacturing of glass and as a high-quality sharpening stone (whetstone) for metal tools.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations in the American Southwest (Grand Canyon, Zion) are primarily composed of various sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and outcrops globally. Collectors look for unique banding patterns (Wonderstone) or fossil inclusions.