sedimentary

Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock, predominantly quartz (SiO₂) sand grains cemented by silica, calcite, or iron oxides

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically Mohs 6–7 for quartz grains, but friable overall; tan to reddish-brown, dull to earthy luster, granular texture, and no cleavage. Visible sand-sized grains and porous, uneven surfaces are characteristic.

Identified August 27, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed when sand accumulates, compacts, and cements in rivers, dunes, beaches, or deserts; age cannot be determined from the image and may range from recent to Precambrian.

Uses & applications

Used as building stone, paving, dimension stone, and aggregate; attractive varieties are used for landscaping and collectible geological displays.

Geological facts

Iron-oxide cement commonly produces the brown or reddish color. Wind-deposited sandstone often shows very uniform, well-rounded grains, while water-deposited varieties may contain bedding or mixed grain sizes.

Field identification & locations

Identify it by rubbing the gritty surface, observing visible sand grains, and checking for sedimentary layering; common worldwide, especially in desert basins and former shorelines. The image may also show loose sand coating a sandstone block.