sedimentary

Sandstone

Sedimentary Rock (Quartz arenite / Lithic sandstone)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness varies from 6 to 7 depending on cement; Color ranges from tan, brown, yellow, red, to grey; Luster is dull or earthy; Crystal structure is clastic, composed of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments cemented together.

Identified August 6, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed by the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, most commonly quartz and feldspar, deposited by water, wind, or ice in environments such as deserts, rivers, and beaches.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction as building stone, dimension stone, paving materials, and historically for grinding stones and whetstones.

Geological facts

Sandstone formations often display distinct layering or cross-bedding, providing geologists with vital clues about ancient wind and water directions. Famous monuments and structures worldwide, including Petra in Jordan and parts of the USA's National Parks, are carved from or built of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. Found worldwide in sedimentary basins, cliffs, and desert regions. Collectors look for unique banding, color variations, or fossil inclusions.