sedimentary
Sandstone
Sandstone (SiO2-rich detrital sedimentary rock)
Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs scale (due to quartz grains); Color: Tan, beige, light brown; Luster: Dull, earthy; Texture: Granular, medium-grained feel similar to sandpaper; Cleavage: None
- Hardness
- 6-7 on the Mohs scale (due to quartz grains)
- Color
- Tan, beige, light brown
- Luster
- Dull, earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs scale (due to quartz grains); Color: Tan, beige, light brown; Luster: Dull, earthy; Texture: Granular, medium-grained feel similar to sandpaper; Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed by the compaction and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (detritus). Typically deposited in river, desert, or beach environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as building stone, flagstone, paving material, and in the manufacturing of glass and ceramics.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 10-20% of the Earth's sedimentary rocks. Its porosity makes it an important natural reservoir for water, petroleum, and natural gas.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its visible, sand-like grains that feel abrasive when rubbed. Commonly found in canyons, riverbeds, cliffs, and desert bluffs worldwide.
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