sedimentary
Sandstone
Clastic Sedimentary Rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6 to 7 (due to quartz grains); Color: Tan, brown, yellow, red, grey, pink, white, or black; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Amorphous aggregate of mineral grains, primarily quartz and feldspar; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 to 2.8.
- Hardness
- 6 to 7 (due to quartz grains)
- Color
- Tan, brown, yellow, red, grey, pink, white, or black
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6 to 7 (due to quartz grains); Color: Tan, brown, yellow, red, grey, pink, white, or black; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Amorphous aggregate of mineral grains, primarily quartz and feldspar; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 to 2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, usually composed mostly of quartz, in environments such as deserts, rivers, lakes, and shallow marine areas over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction for building materials, paving, landscaping, and formerly for grindstones.
Geological facts
Sandstone formations often preserve ripple marks and cross-bedding from ancient environments, and famous geological wonders like Zion National Park and Petra are carved from sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its gritty texture, visible sand grains, and layered appearance. Found globally in sedimentary basins and escarpments.
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