sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or pinkish due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or pinkish due to iron oxide
Luster: Dull to earthy

Identified July 20, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or pinkish due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments (0.0625 to 2 mm). Most commonly quartz and feldspar, deposited in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Widely used in construction for flagstones, decorative facings, and architectural features. Historically used for grindstones and in glass manufacturing if silica content is high.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-25% of all sedimentary rock in the Earth's crust. It often contains fossilized ripples from ancient water currents or winds.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible layering (bedding planes). It is common in arid regions and canyon landscapes. Use a hand lens to see individual grains.