sedimentary
Sandstone
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Brown, tan, reddish-brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Brown, tan, reddish-brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Over millions of years, pressure and minerals like silica or calcium carbonate cement the grains together in river beds, deserts, or marine environments.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction as a building material, for paving stones, as a source of glass sand, and in artistic sculptures.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for approximately 20 to 25 percent of all sedimentary rocks on Earth and can preserve incredible fossil records and ripples from ancient waterways.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible layers (bedding). It is found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for colorful banding (Liesegang rings) or fossils.
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Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion
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Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint
fossil
Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
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Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)
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Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
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