sedimentary
Sandstone
SiO2 (predominantly quartz sand)
Mohs hardness 6 to 7 (depending on mineral grains and cementation), dull/earthy to granular luster, yellow-brown to tan color with visible sand-sized mineral grains, clastic texture, no cleavage.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 6 to 7 (depending on mineral grains and cementation), dull/earthy to granular luster, yellow-brown to tan color with visible sand-sized mineral grains, clastic texture, no cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the compaction and cementation of sand-sized grains, primarily composed of quartz and feldspar, deposited in desert, river, beach, or marine environments.
Uses & applications
Used extensively as a construction stone, paving material, architectural facing, aggregate, and in decorative landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents around 10 to 20 percent of Earth's sedimentary rocks. Famous geological structures like the Red Rocks of Colorado and Petra in Jordan are carved from sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctly gritty, sandpaper-like surface feel and visible sand grains under magnification. Found in sedimentary basins and riverbeds worldwide.
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