sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 principal)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, buff, or cream, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: clastic/granular, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, buff, or cream, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: clastic/granular, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years in environments like deserts, river beds, or beaches.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for building stone, road base, and as a raw material for glass making and metallurgy.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of the Earth's sedimentary rocks and is a major reservoir for groundwater and oil.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand-sized grains. Common in arid regions and coastal cliffs. Collectors should look for unique layering or fossils.
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Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock
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Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
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Generic Pebble / Rock Fragment
Lithic fragment / Weathered rock
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Sedimentary Sandstone
Arenite (Sedimentary Rock)
sedimentary
Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
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