sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, white, or light gray; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic with visible sand grains; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, white, or light gray
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, white, or light gray; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic with visible sand grains; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) in marine or desert environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, in paving, for making grindstones, and as a source of silica for glass manufacturing.
Geological facts
Sandstone is often very porous and acts as a natural filter for groundwater and a reservoir for oil and natural gas. Some layers preserve spectacular fossils and ripple marks from ancient seas.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible layering (bedding). It is found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for colorful banding or fossil inclusions.
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