sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (specifically sublithic or quartz arenite)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, brown, yellow, reddish-brown; Luster: earthy/dull; Structure: clastic/granular texture with visible sand grains; Cleavage: none.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- tan, brown, yellow, reddish-brown
- Luster
- earthy/dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, brown, yellow, reddish-brown; Luster: earthy/dull; Structure: clastic/granular texture with visible sand grains; Cleavage: none.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains of mineral or rock. Often deposited in river beds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years through lithification.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a building material, decorative stone, for making grindstones, and in the manufacturing of glass and concrete. It is also an important reservoir rock for oil and water.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations of the American Southwest and the ancient city of Petra are primarily made of sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty sandpaper feel and visible grains. Common in sedimentary basins worldwide. When identifying in the field, look for layering (bedding planes) and the ability of grains to scratch glass.
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