sedimentary
Sandstone
Sedimentary Rock (Quartz Arenite)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (depending on cementation), Color: Brown, tan, reddish-brown, gray, Luster: Dull or earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of mineral grains like quartz and feldspar cemented together), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (depending on cementation), Color: Brown, tan, reddish-brown, gray, Luster: Dull or earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of mineral grains like quartz and feldspar cemented together), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, predominantly quartz sand, in environments such as deserts, rivers, beaches, and shallow marine areas over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction as building stone, dimension stone, paving material, and in the manufacturing of glass and abrasives.
Geological facts
Sandstone formations can be very porous, making them excellent natural aquifers that store vast amounts of groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified in the field by its characteristic grainy, sandpaper-like texture and visible mineral grains. Found worldwide in regions with ancient sedimentary basins.
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Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
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Fossiliferous Concretion
Septarian Concretion containing Brachiopods/Crinoids
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Quartz pebble
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
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Generic Pebble / Rock Fragment
Lithic fragment / Weathered rock
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Banded Siltstone / Mudstone Pebble
Siltstone / Argillite
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Sedimentary Sandstone
Arenite (Sedimentary Rock)
sedimentary