sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brownish-grey, or reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs)
Color: Tan, brownish-grey, or reddish
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified March 14, 2026More sedimentary →

Explore Sandstone in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brownish-grey, or reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (clasts). Typically forms in desert, river, or coastal environments over millions of years through lithification.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, in the manufacture of glass (if high quartz content), as a reservoir rock for oil and gas, and for landscaping.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous formations include the Grand Canyon and Petra in Jordan, which is carved entirely into sandstone cliffs.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layers or bedding planes. It can be found globally in outcrop exposures, particularly in arid regions.