sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years, typically in desert, river, or ocean environments.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a building stone, in the manufacture of glass, as an abrasive, and for landscaping and construction aggregate.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of Earth's sedimentary rocks and is often a major reservoir for groundwater, oil, and natural gas due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel when rubbed; it often shows bedding planes or layering. Found globally in basins and coastal regions.
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