sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily Quartz and Feldspar composition)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, tan, reddish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, granular texture; Cleavage: None (fractures across grains); Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Brown, tan, reddish-brown
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, tan, reddish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, granular texture; Cleavage: None (fractures across grains); Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years. This specimen appears weathered/rounded, likely by fluvial (river) or coastal water movement.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, in decorative masonry, as a reservoir rock for petroleum and groundwater, and as a source of silica for glassmaking.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Colorado and the Treasury at Petra are both carved into sandstone formations.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel. Often found in desert environments, river beds, and coastal outcrops. Use a magnifying glass to see the individual rounded sand grains.
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