sedimentary

Sandstone

Sandstone (SiO2 dominant)

Mohs hardness 6 to 7, earthy to dull luster, granular clastic texture, tan to brownish-grey color, composed primarily of quartz and feldspar grains glued by cement.

Identified July 25, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness 6 to 7, earthy to dull luster, granular clastic texture, tan to brownish-grey color, composed primarily of quartz and feldspar grains glued by cement.

Formation & geological history

Formed by the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments in river, lake, ocean, or desert environments over thousands to millions of years.

Uses & applications

Widely used as a building material, paving stone, flagstone, decorative rock in landscaping, and historically for making grindstones.

Geological facts

Sandstone acts as an important aquifer underground because of its porous nature, storing water and petroleum deposits in geological basins worldwide.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible small mineral grains held together by natural cements. Found extensively in sedimentary basins, riverbeds, and beach deposits.