sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, yellow, or buff; Luster: dull to earthy; Crystal structure: clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2 - 2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: tan, yellow, or buff
Luster: dull to earthy

Identified February 16, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, yellow, or buff; Luster: dull to earthy; Crystal structure: clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2 - 2.8.

Formation & geological history

Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Typically deposited in desert, river, or coastal environments over millions of years (Paleozoic to Cenozoic eras).

Uses & applications

Used widely in construction for paving, building facades, and grindstones. Also serves as an important reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-25% of the sedimentary rocks on Earth. The iconic red rocks of the American Southwest, like those in the Grand Canyon, are famous examples of sandstone formations.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins, riverbeds, and cliffs. Collectors look for unique banding or patterns like 'wonderstone'.