sedimentary

Sandstone

Sandstone (composed mainly of SiO2)

Mohs hardness of 6 to 7; tan, light brown, to reddish color; earthy to dull luster; clastic granular texture composed of sand-sized grains; soft to rough surface feel.

Identified July 25, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness of 6 to 7; tan, light brown, to reddish color; earthy to dull luster; clastic granular texture composed of sand-sized grains; soft to rough surface feel.

Formation & geological history

Formed by the compaction and cementation of sand grains deposited by water, wind, or ice in environments like deserts, beaches, riverbeds, and delta systems over geological time.

Uses & applications

Widely used as a construction material, flagstone, paving, decorative landscaping stone, and as a source of silica sand for glass manufacturing.

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 10 to 20 percent of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porous nature makes it an important reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its sandy feel and visible quartz or feldspar grains that rub off like sand when scratched. Found abundantly in sedimentary basins worldwide.