sedimentary

Sandstone

Clastic Sedimentary Rock

Hardness varies from 6 to 7 depending on cement; colors range from tan, brown, yellow to red; earthy to vitreous luster; granular texture.

Identified October 23, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness varies from 6 to 7 depending on cement; colors range from tan, brown, yellow to red; earthy to vitreous luster; granular texture.

Formed by the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, chiefly quartz, over millions of years.

Widely used in construction as building stone, paving material, and for manufacturing glass and abrasives.

Sandstone formations often preserve ancient desert dunes or riverbeds and serve as major reservoirs for groundwater and petroleum.

Identified by its visible sand grains and gritty texture; found globally in desert regions, ancient riverbeds, and coastal areas.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)