sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, ochre
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 20, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed by the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years, typically in desert, river, or ocean environments.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for flagstone, building fronts, and decorative gravel. Also used in glass making and as a filtering medium.

Geological facts

Sandstone can record history through ripple marks and cross-bedding, showing which way ancient winds or currents were blowing. Famous monuments like the Treasury at Petra are carved directly into it.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, abrasive texture that feels like sandpaper. Often found in outcrops, riverbeds, and cliff faces. Look for distinct layering or bedding planes.