sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-brown due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Specific Gravity: 2.2 to 2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-brown due to iron oxide
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified March 23, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (0.0625 to 2 mm). These typically deposit in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction as a building stone, for paving, and in the manufacturing of glass and grindstones. It is also an important reservoir rock for oil, gas, and groundwater.

Geological facts

Sandstone can resist weathering for centuries and retains intricate carvings, which is why it was used to build famous landmarks like Petra in Jordan and the White House in the USA.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' texture and visible layering (bedding). It is found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors should look for unique cross-bedding patterns or fossil inclusions.