sedimentary
Sandstone
Sedimentary rock composed mainly of quartz sand
Hardness on Mohs scale is 6 to 7 (due to quartz grains); colors range from tan, brown, yellow, red, to gray; dull or earthy luster; clastic texture with visible sand grains; specific gravity ranges from 2.2 to 2.8.
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Physical properties
Hardness on Mohs scale is 6 to 7 (due to quartz grains); colors range from tan, brown, yellow, red, to gray; dull or earthy luster; clastic texture with visible sand grains; specific gravity ranges from 2.2 to 2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, chiefly quartz and feldspar, deposited by water, wind, or ice in environments like deserts, rivers, and beaches over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction, building facades, paving stones, flagstones, and historically for grinding stones and whetstones.
Geological facts
Sandstone often preserves ripple marks and cross-bedding from ancient environments, providing geologists with clues about prehistoric wind and water directions.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its grainy, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. Found worldwide in regions with ancient sedimentary basins, deserts, and river deltas.
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