sedimentary

Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock (Quartz arenite)

Mohs hardness 6 to 7; colors include tan, brown, yellow, and red; dull luster; composed primarily of quartz grains with a sandy texture.

Identified November 1, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness 6 to 7; colors include tan, brown, yellow, and red; dull luster; composed primarily of quartz grains with a sandy texture.

Formed by the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in desert, river, or beach environments.

Widely used in construction for building stone, paving, and formerly for grindstones.

Sandstone formations can be thousands of feet thick and often preserve ancient ripple marks and fossil tracks.

Easily identified by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible mineral grains; found globally in sedimentary basins.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)