sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness: 6-7, Color: Reddish-brown to tan/grey, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular grain texture, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness: 6-7, Color: Reddish-brown to tan/grey, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular grain texture, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed over millions of years by the accumulation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches. The grains are cemented together by minerals like silica or calcium carbonate.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a building material, paving stone, and in the manufacturing of glass and grindstones. Significant in the oil and gas industry as a reservoir rock.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The iconic red landscapes of the American Southwest, like Antelope Canyon, are formed from types of sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty feel like sandpaper and visible sand grains. Commonly found in sedimentary basins and plateaus worldwide. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
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Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
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Generic Pebble / Rock Fragment
Lithic fragment / Weathered rock
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Sedimentary Sandstone
Arenite (Sedimentary Rock)
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Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
sedimentary