gemstone
Sapphire
Corundum (Al2O3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 9 on the Mohs scale with a vitreous to adamantine luster. It features a hexagonal crystal system and distinct parting rather than true cleavage.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 9 on the Mohs scale with a vitreous to adamantine luster. It features a hexagonal crystal system and distinct parting rather than true cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Forms within igneous and metamorphic rocks under high-pressure, aluminum-rich environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in fine jewelry settings, luxury watch components, and industrial abrasive applications.
Geological facts
While traditionally blue due to iron and titanium impurities, sapphires occur in nearly every color except red.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extreme hardness, heft, and distinct crystal habit. Commonly mined in Sri Lanka, Madagascar, and Australia.
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