igneous
Scoria
Vesicular mafic volcanic rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale, dark brown to black or reddish color, dull luster, aphanitic texture with abundant vesicular pores, and specific gravity around 2.0-2.5.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale, dark brown to black or reddish color, dull luster, aphanitic texture with abundant vesicular pores, and specific gravity around 2.0-2.5.
Formation & geological history
Formed rapidly during explosive volcanic eruptions when gas-rich mafic lava cools and solidifies while volcanic gases escape, creating gas bubbles.
Uses & applications
Used in lightweight aggregate concrete, landscaping, barbecue grills, and as an abrasive in personal care products.
Geological facts
Due to its high density of trapped air bubbles, scoria is one of the few volcanic rocks that can float on water initially.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its rough, vesicular, sponge-like texture and dark color; commonly found near volcanic cinder cones worldwide.
