metamorphic
Serpentine-rich rock (likely serpentinite)
Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals, Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄, with possible magnetite, carbonate, or talc
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectGreen to olive, mottled, and commonly waxy to greasy with a pale veined or weathered surface; typically Mohs 2.5–4, with poor cleavage and a fine-grained, massive texture. The specimen’s appearance is consistent with serpentine, though image-only identification is uncertain.
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Physical properties
Green to olive, mottled, and commonly waxy to greasy with a pale veined or weathered surface; typically Mohs 2.5–4, with poor cleavage and a fine-grained, massive texture. The specimen’s appearance is consistent with serpentine, though image-only identification is uncertain.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite are hydrated during low-temperature metamorphism, especially at oceanic ridges and subduction zones. Many occurrences formed during ancient oceanic crust alteration and were later uplifted in mountain belts.
Uses & applications
Polished attractive varieties are used as ornamental stone, carvings, countertops, and lapidary material; some serpentine has been marketed as “serpentine jade.” Rough common specimens generally have modest value.
Geological facts
Serpentinite may contain magnetite and can be weakly magnetic; some deposits also contain asbestos-forming minerals, so avoid cutting, grinding, or creating dust without testing and protection.
Field identification & locations
Look for a soft, green, waxy rock with mottling, slick-looking surfaces, and pale veins; a steel nail may scratch it. Common localities include California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and the Appalachians.
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