metamorphic

Serpentine

Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs scale), Color: light to dark green (waxy), Luster: greasy or silky, Crystal structure: Monoclinic, Cleavage: poor, Specific gravity: 2.5-2.6

Identified July 2, 2026More metamorphic →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs scale), Color: light to dark green (waxy), Luster: greasy or silky, Crystal structure: Monoclinic, Cleavage: poor, Specific gravity: 2.5-2.6

Formation & geological history

Formed through the hydrothermal metamorphism of ultramafic rocks (peridotite) from the Earth's mantle, a process called serpentinization, typically at tectonic plate boundaries.

Uses & applications

Used as a decorative architectural stone, source of asbestos (in certain varieties), for carving ornaments, and as a gemstone (Williamsite or 'New Jade').

Geological facts

It is the official state rock of California; the name comes from the green color and mottled 'snake-like' appearance of the rock texture.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic greasy feel and waxy luster. Common in ophiolite complexes. Collectors look for translucent green pieces with unique patterns.