metamorphic
Serpentine
Serpentine group ((Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)2-3(Si,Al,Fe)2O5(OH)4)
Hardness: 3.0-6.0 on Mohs scale; Color: typically shades of green, yellow, or black; Luster: greasy, waxy, or silky; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: poor; Specific gravity: 2.5-3.2.
- Hardness
- 3
- Color
- typically shades of green, yellow, or black
- Luster
- greasy, waxy, or silky
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.0-6.0 on Mohs scale; Color: typically shades of green, yellow, or black; Luster: greasy, waxy, or silky; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: poor; Specific gravity: 2.5-3.2.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks (serpentinization) in metamorphic environments, typically at tectonic plate boundaries or oceanic crust.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as decorative stone, sculpture medium (like the hippo shown), architectural finish, and occasionally as a gemstone or source of magnesium.
Geological facts
The name 'serpentine' comes from the Latin 'serpentinus' meaning 'resembling a serpent' due to its greenish color and scaly appearance. It is the official state rock of California.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic greasy luster, soapy or slippery feel, and green color. Often found in mountain belts and ophiolite complexes. Valuable for collectors when it displays translucency or 'noble' qualities.
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