metamorphic

Serpentine

Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs scale); Color: green to greenish-blue; Luster: waxy, greasy, or silky; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: poor; Specific gravity: 2.2 - 2.9

Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs scale)
Color: green to greenish-blue
Luster: waxy, greasy, or silky

Identified July 6, 2026More metamorphic →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs scale); Color: green to greenish-blue; Luster: waxy, greasy, or silky; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: poor; Specific gravity: 2.2 - 2.9

Formation & geological history

Formed by the hydrothermal metamorphism (serpentinization) of ultramafic rocks like peridotite from the Earth's mantle, typically at tectonic plate boundaries or mid-ocean ridges.

Uses & applications

Used as a source of asbestos (historical), architectural stone, decorative carvings, and as a collector's mineral. Some varieties are used as semi-precious gemstones.

Geological facts

Serpentine is the state rock of California. Its name is derived from its resemblance to the skin of a snake. It can sometimes contain magnetite, making it slightly magnetic.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic 'snake-skin' green color and waxy feel. It is commonly found in ophiolite complexes and subduction zones. Collectors should look for unique banding or translucent varieties.