metamorphic
Serpentinite
Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4
Hardness: 3-6 Mohs. Color: Distinctive greenish-gray, pale to forest green. Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky. Texture: Fine-grained, often feels slippery or soapy. Cleavage: Poor, often massive or fibrous.
- Hardness
- 3-6 Mohs
- Color
- Distinctive greenish-gray, pale to forest green
- Luster
- Waxy, greasy, or silky
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-6 Mohs. Color: Distinctive greenish-gray, pale to forest green. Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky. Texture: Fine-grained, often feels slippery or soapy. Cleavage: Poor, often massive or fibrous.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the hydration of ultramafic rocks (like peridotite) from the Earth's mantle at relatively low temperatures and high pressures, typically at mid-ocean ridges or subduction zones.
Uses & applications
Used historically as a source of asbestos, for decorative carvings, architecture (as 'Verde Antique' marble), and as a base stone for roads. It is often used for sculptures and jewelry.
Geological facts
Serpentinite is the state rock of California. It is famous for hosting specialized plant species that can tolerate its low-calcium and high-magnesium/heavy metal soil composition.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its waxy luster, green color, and 'serpent-like' scaly appearance. It often occurs in faulted and sheared geological zones. Common in ophiolite complexes.
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