sedimentary
Shale
Sedimentary Shale
Hardness 3-4 on Mohs scale; dark grey to brownish color; earthy, dull luster; thin, fissile layering structure; breaks along smooth planes.
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Physical properties
Hardness 3-4 on Mohs scale; dark grey to brownish color; earthy, dull luster; thin, fissile layering structure; breaks along smooth planes.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the compaction and consolidation of clay and silt deposits in quiet-water environments such as lakes, river deltas, and deep-sea floors.
Uses & applications
Used in the production of cement, bricks, tiles, and as a source rock for oil and natural gas (shale oil/gas).
Geological facts
Shale is the most abundant sedimentary rock on Earth, making up over 50% of all sedimentary rocks found in the crust.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its fine-grained texture, dark coloration, and tendency to split easily into thin, flat layers (fissility). Common worldwide in sedimentary basins.
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