mineral

Specular Hematite (Specularite)

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Mohs hardness 5.5-6.5, metallic to sub-metallic sparkling luster, dark grey to black color with fine glittering micaceous flakes, hexagonal crystal structure (trigonal system), reddish-brown streak.

Identified July 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness 5.5-6.5, metallic to sub-metallic sparkling luster, dark grey to black color with fine glittering micaceous flakes, hexagonal crystal structure (trigonal system), reddish-brown streak.

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in banded iron formations through metamorphic and hydrothermal processes where iron-rich fluids precipitate or alter preexisting minerals into fine crystalline scales of hematite.

Uses & applications

Important iron ore, used as a heavy mineral pigment, highly popular as decorative display specimens, carved objects, and lapidary art.

Geological facts

Specularite derives its glittering appearance from tiny specular flakes of micaceous hematite that reflect light like small mirrors. Despite its silvery appearance, when ground or scratched against unglazed porcelain, it leaves a distinctive reddish-brown streak characteristic of all hematite.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its sparkling, micaceous metallic luster, high density, and dark metallic grey surface accompanied by a characteristic red-brown streak. Commonly found in major iron-mining regions like Minnesota and Michigan (USA), Brazil, and South Africa.