mineral

Specular Hematite

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Dark grey to black with tiny metallic sparkles/micaceous flakes; Luster: Submetallic to metallic; Crystal system: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5
Luster: Submetallic to metallic

Identified May 18, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed as a primary mineral in igneous and sedimentary rocks, or as a secondary mineral through precipitation from hydrothermal fluids or chemical weathering of iron-rich minerals. Significant deposits date back to Precambrian Banded Iron Formations.

Uses & applications

Primarily mined as a major ore of iron. Specular variations are used in cosmetics for shimmer, as pigments, and as collector specimens or in jewelry/beads.

Geological facts

Specular hematite, also called specularite, contains flakes of mica-like crystals that reflect light like tiny mirrors. It is chemically the same as the red ochre used in cave paintings, but with a different crystalline structure.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive metallic 'glitter' and its reddish-brown streak when rubbed on a porcelain plate. Commonly found in Michigan and Minnesota (USA), Brazil, and South Africa.