mineral
Sphalerite
Zinc sulfide (Zn, Fe)S
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 3.5 to 4 (Mohs); Color: Honey-yellow to reddish-brown; Luster: Adamantine to resinous; Crystal structure: Isometric; Cleavage: Perfect dodecahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.9 to 4.1
- Hardness
- 3
- Color
- Honey-yellow to reddish-brown
- Luster
- Adamantine to resinous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.5 to 4 (Mohs); Color: Honey-yellow to reddish-brown; Luster: Adamantine to resinous; Crystal structure: Isometric; Cleavage: Perfect dodecahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.9 to 4.1
Formation & geological history
Formed in low to moderate temperature hydrothermal veins, often found in carbonate rocks through replacement processes. It occurs with minerals like galena and fluorite.
Uses & applications
Primary ore of zinc. High-quality transparent specimens are faceted for collectors due to extreme fire (dispersion), but are too soft for regular jewelry wear.
Geological facts
Sphalerite has a dispersion of 0.156, which is more than three times higher than that of a diamond (0.044), giving it incredible internal 'fire'.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its resinous luster, perfect cleavage, and the streak test, which often smells of sulfur. Commonly found in Spain (Picos de Europa) and North America.
