mineral
Spinel
Magnesium aluminum oxide (MgAl2O4)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 8 on the Mohs scale, vibrant red color, vitreous luster, isometric crystal system with octahedral habit, and conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 8 on the Mohs scale, vibrant red color, vitreous luster, isometric crystal system with octahedral habit, and conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Forms primarily through contact and regional metamorphism of impure limestones, as well as in mafic igneous rocks and alluvial gravel deposits.
Uses & applications
Valued as a precious gemstone in jewelry, often historically mistaken for ruby, and used in refractory materials.
Geological facts
Famous historical jewels like the Black Prince's Ruby and the Timur Ruby in the British Crown Jewels are actually large red spinels.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its distinct octahedral crystal form and extreme hardness, commonly sourced from Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam.
