mineral
Spinel
Magnesium Aluminum Oxide (MgAl2O4)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, magenta; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Isometric (octahedral); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 3.54-3.63
- Hardness
- 8
- Color
- Pink, magenta
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, magenta; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Isometric (octahedral); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 3.54-3.63
Formation & geological history
Formed through regional metamorphism of limestone and dolostone, or as a primary mineral in mafic igneous rocks. It is most frequently found in magnesium-rich marbles.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry due to its hardness and brilliance. Synthetic spinel is used in refractories and as a blue-colored glass substitute.
Geological facts
Historically mistaken for ruby because they are found in the same mines; the 'Black Prince's Ruby' in the British Imperial State Crown is actually a red spinel.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its octahedral (double pyramid) crystal habit and extreme hardness. Common locations include Myanmar (Mogok), Sri Lanka, Vietnam, and Tajikistan.
