mineral
Tumbled amber-colored agate or chalcedony
Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), likely iron-stained chalcedony/agate
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent honey-orange to brown with cloudy internal bands or fractures; waxy to vitreous luster and no visible cleavage. The rounded shape and smooth surface indicate mechanical tumbling and polishing.
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Physical properties
Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent honey-orange to brown with cloudy internal bands or fractures; waxy to vitreous luster and no visible cleavage. The rounded shape and smooth surface indicate mechanical tumbling and polishing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities or fractures in volcanic rock, later developing cryptocrystalline quartz and iron staining; commonly Cenozoic to older, depending on the host rock.
Uses & applications
Used as an inexpensive ornamental stone, cabochon, paperweight, and lapidary material; generally not valuable as fine jewelry unless strongly patterned or unusually translucent.
Geological facts
Agate is a banded variety of chalcedony, while visually plain material may be sold simply as orange chalcedony or carnelian. The orange color commonly comes from iron oxides.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its glass-scratching hardness, waxy translucence, lack of cleavage, and subtle curved banding; common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, India, Madagascar, and the United States.
