mineral
Tumbled amber-colored chalcedony (likely carnelian)
Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; orange-red variety commonly termed carnelian
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent honey-orange color, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline quartz, and no visible cleavage. The rounded shape and smooth surface indicate mechanical tumbling/polishing.
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Physical properties
Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent honey-orange color, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline quartz, and no visible cleavage. The rounded shape and smooth surface indicate mechanical tumbling/polishing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities or fractures, often with iron impurities producing orange coloration; deposits range from Paleozoic to recent. Exact identification is uncertain from the image alone, as dyed glass or resin can look similar.
Uses & applications
Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, ornaments, and lapidary practice; small common tumbled pieces have modest value.
Geological facts
Carnelian is a chalcedony variety colored mainly by iron oxides. Heating can intensify its orange-red color, and waxy translucency is characteristic.
Field identification & locations
Common in volcanic cavities and alluvial gravels, including India, Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, and parts of the United States. Look for consistent hardness, cool stone feel, subtle internal clouding, and lack of bubbles; a scratch or specific-gravity test can distinguish glass or resin.
